Evaluation of low incidence disabilities is a complex process. Assessments should not be used as a single source of information for diagnostic or intervention decisions. This presentation will review different assessments that can be utilized in a holistic evaluation. Participants will learn how to use clinical validity data as a qualitative source of information and review the differences between norm-referenced assessments, criterion-referenced assessments, and functional assessments for a variety of low incidence populations, including but not limited to deaf/hard of hearing, visual impairments, intellectual disability, and autism. In addition, recommendations will be given that will assist school-based teams with individual instructional planning.